Mushroom Growing Information Hub

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Mushroom Spawn Varieties

How to grow your mushrooms

Mushroom Kits

Pick Your Mushroom Variety

Pick a mushroom variety to learn more about it

Pink Oyster

(Pleurotus djamor)

Blue-Grey Oyster

(Pleurotus ostreatus)

Golden Oyster

(Pleurotus citrinopileatus)

White Oyster

(Pleurotus ostreatus Var. Florida)

Wine Cap

(Stropharia raguso-annulata)

Shiitake

(Lentinula edodes)

Lions Mane

(Hericium erinaceus)

Pink Oyster (Pleurotus djamor)

A tropical variety originating from South East Asia with vibrant colours and large caps that taste similar to bacon. Pink Oyster mushrooms perform best in warmer conditions, resulting in fast growth.

This spawn is suitable for both novice and professional growers.

For use indoors and outdoors.

Difficulty

Easy

Fruiting Season (Temperature)

Summer (22-28)

Suggested Substrates

Straw, Woodchip, Coffee, Logs, Sawdust, Leaf Litter, Paper

Suggested Methods

Beds, Mulch, Pathways, Containers, Bags, Logs

Suggested Usage

1L per 6KG substrate (indoors) or 1L per 1m2 (outdoors). 50x plugs per 0.5-1m log.

Professional Cultivation Info

Binomial nomenclaturePleurotus djamor
Old nomenclaturePleurotus salmoneo-stramineus
Inoculation ratemix with ± 2% spawn
Natural substratehardwood / wheat straw
Incubationroom temperature:20-22 °C
substrate temperature:25-30 °C
duration:13- 16 days
Primordia inductiontemperature:18-24 °C
relative humidity90- 95 %
Fruiting conditionsroom temperature:18-28 °C
relative humidity:85-90%
CO2-concentration:less than 1000 ppm
light:800- 1500 lux
Flushesnumber:2-3
interval:10-12 days
between flushes:increase relative humidity to 90-95 %
Total production cycleCa. 2,5 months
Average yield150 to 200 g saleable mushrooms per kg fresh substrate†

*Primordia are induced by a shock. For most mushroom species, this is done with a thermal shock, which is defined by the minimum temperature during the day-night cycle.

†Mushroom weight immediately after harvesting, and wetted substrate weight prior to inoculation.

Important remark: these cultivation guidelines in our technical data sheets are a compilation of the data given to us by experienced cultivators. Individual differences in the cultivation conditions can seriously affect the results.

Blue-Grey Oyster (Pleurotus ostreatus)

A Western European variety that is native to the UK. Blue-Grey Oysters have large meaty caps and high productivity making them a brilliant all-rounder for multiple growing methods.

This spawn is suitable for both novice and professional growers.

For use indoors and outdoors.

Difficulty

Easy

Fruiting Season (Temperature)

Year round (8-22)

Suggested Substrates

Straw, Woodchip, Coffee, Logs, Sawdust, Leaf Litter, Paper

Suggested Methods

Beds, Mulch, Pathways, Containers, Bags, Logs

Suggested Usage

1L per 6KG substrate (indoors) or 1L per 1m2 (outdoors). 50x plugs per 0.5-1m log.

Professional Cultivation Info

Binomial nomenclaturePleurotus ostreatus
Old nomenclatureNone
Inoculation ratemix with ± 2% spawn
Natural substratehardwood / (wheat) straw
Incubationroom temperature:20-22 °C
substrate temperature:25-30 °C
duration:19- 22 days
Primordia induction(night time)* temperature:lower to 6-15 °C
relative humidity90- 95 %
Fruiting conditionsroom temperature:(5-) 10-17 (-20) °C
relative humidity:85%
CO2-concentration:less than 800 ppm
light:800- 1500 lux
Flushesnumber:02/mar
interval:1-2 weeks
between flushes:relative humidity increase to 90%
Total production cycleCa. 3 months
Average yield200 to 250 g saleable mushrooms per kg fresh substrate†

*Primordia are induced by a shock. For most mushroom species, this is done with a thermal shock, which is defined by the minimum temperature during the day-night cycle.

†Mushroom weight immediately after harvesting, and wetted substrate weight prior to inoculation.

Important remark: the cultivation guidelines in our technical data sheets are a compilation of the data given to us by experienced cultivators. Individual differences in the cultivation conditions can seriously affect the results.

Golden Oyster (Pleurotus citrinopileatus)

A variety originating from Sub-tropical Asia that has delicate golden caps. Although slightly more challenging than other varieties, Golden Oyster boasts incredible quality and texture.

This spawn is suitable for both novice and professional growers.

For use indoors and outdoors.

Difficulty

Medium

Fruiting Season (Temperature)

Spring-Autumn (17-22)

Suggested Substrates

Straw, Woodchip, Coffee, Logs, Sawdust, Leaf Litter, Paper

Suggested Methods

Beds, Mulch, Pathways, Containers, Bags, Logs

Suggested Usage

1L per 6KG substrate (indoors) or 1L per 1m2 (outdoors). 50x plugs per 0.5-1m log.

Professional Cultivation Info

MUSHROOM PRODUCTION

Binomial nomenclaturePleurotus citrinopileatus
Old nomenclatureNone
Inoculation ratemix with ± 2% spawn
Natural substratehardwood / (wheat) straw
Incubationroom temperature:22-24 °C
substrate temperature:27-32 °C
duration:12- 13 days
Primordia induction(night time)* temperature:15-20 °C
relative humidity:90- 95 %
Fruiting conditionsroom temperature:(13) 17-22 (28)°C
relative humidity:85%
CO2-concentration:less than 1000 ppm
light:800- 1500 lux
Flushesnumber:02/mar
interval:ca. 8 days
between flushes:relative humidity increase up to 90-95 %
Total production cycleca. 2 months
Average yield150 to 200 g saleable mushrooms per kg fresh substrate†

*Primordia are induced by a shock. For most mushroom species, this is done with a thermal shock, which is defined by the minimum temperature during the day-night cycle.

†Mushroom weight immediately after harvesting, and wetted substrate weight prior to inoculation.

Important remark: these cultivation guidelines in our technical data sheets are a compilation of the data given to us by experienced cultivators. Individual differences in the cultivation conditions can seriously affect the results.

White Oyster (Pleurotus ostreatus Var. Florida)

A North American variety with clean white caps and strong flavours. White Oysters grow fast and are extremely resilient to competition from other mushroom species.

This spawn is suitable for both novice and professional growers.

For use indoors and outdoors.

Difficulty

Easy

Fruiting Season (Temperature)

Spring-Autumn (17-22)

Suggested Substrates

Straw, Woodchip, Coffee, Logs, Sawdust, Leaf Litter, Paper

Suggested Methods

Beds, Mulch, Pathways, Containers, Bags, Logs

Suggested Usage

1L per 6KG substrate (indoors) or 1L per 1m2 (outdoors). 50x plugs per 0.5-1m log.

Professional Cultivation Info

Binomial nomenclaturePleurotus ostreatus var. Florida
Old nomenclatureNone
Inoculation ratemix with ± 2% spawn
Natural substratehardwood / (wheat) straw
Incubationroom temperature:20-22 °C
substrate temperature:25-30 °C
duration:12-14 days
Primordia induction(night time)* temperature:lower to 6-15 °C
relative humidity:90- 95 %
Fruiting conditionsroom temperature:(11) 13-20 (28)°C
relative humidity:85%
CO2-concentration:less than 1000 ppm
light:800- 1500 lux
Flushesnumber:2-3
interval:8-10 days
between flushes:relative humidity increase to 90-95%%
Total production cycleCa. 3 months
Average yield200 to 250 g saleable mushrooms per kg fresh substrate†

*Primordia are induced by a shock. For most mushroom species, this is done with a thermal shock, which is defined by the minimum temperature during the day-night cycle.

†Mushroom weight immediately after harvesting, and wetted substrate weight prior to inoculation.

Important remark: these cultivation guidelines in our technical data sheets are a compilation of the data given to us by experienced cultivators. Individual differences in the cultivation conditions can seriously affect the results.

Wine cap (Stropharia Raguso-annulata)

Also known as the garden giant, it has a deep purple colour and soft texture when young. Winecap Mushrooms are extremely hardy, making them a brilliant candidate for growing alongside other plants or in exposed locations.

This spawn is suitable for both novice and professional growers.

For use outdoors only.

Difficulty

Easy

Fruiting Season (Temperature)

Spring-Autumn (10-20)

Suggested Substrates

Straw, Woodchip, Sawdust, Leaf Litter

Suggested Methods

Beds, Mulch, Pathways

Suggested Usage

1L per 1m2 (outdoors)

Professional Cultivation Info

Binomial nomenclaturePleurotus djamor
Old nomenclaturePleurotus salmoneo-stramineus
Inoculation ratemix with ± 2% spawn
Natural substratehardwood / wheat straw
Incubationroom temperature:20-22 °C
substrate temperature:25-30 °C
duration:13- 16 days
Primordia inductiontemperature:18-24 °C
relative humidity90- 95 %
Fruiting conditionsroom temperature:18-28 °C
relative humidity:85-90%
CO2-concentration:less than 1000 ppm
light:800- 1500 lux
Flushesnumber:2-3
interval:10-12 days
between flushes:increase relative humidity to 90-95 %
Total production cycleCa. 2,5 months
Average yield150 to 200 g saleable mushrooms per kg fresh substrate†

*Primordia are induced by a shock. For most mushroom species, this is done with a thermal shock, which is defined by the minimum temperature during the day-night cycle.

†Mushroom weight immediately after harvesting, and wetted substrate weight prior to inoculation.

Important remark: these cultivation guidelines in our technical data sheets are a compilation of the data given to us by experienced cultivators. Individual differences in the cultivation conditions can seriously affect the results.

Shiitake (Lentinula edodes)

Shiitake mushroom are an Asian variety with a wonderful velvet texture and strong flavours. As well as fantastic taste, it has potent medicinal properties earning the nickname “elixir of life” in Japan.

This spawn is suitable for both novice and professional growers.

For use indoors and outdoors.

Difficulty

Easy

Fruiting Season (Temperature)

Spring-Autumn (12-20)

Suggested Substrates

Logs, Sawdust, Masters mix

Suggested Methods

Logs, Containers, Bags

Suggested Usage

1L per 6KG substrate (indoors). x50 plugs per 0.5m log.

Professional Cultivation Info

Binomial nomenclatureLentinula edodes
Old nomenclatureNone
Inoculation ratemix with ± 1% spawn
Natural substratecomposition:80% hardwood, mixed fine + coarse
10% cereals
10% bran
humidity:62-63 %
Incubationroom temperature:23 °C
substrate temperature:25 °C
duration:13-15 days
Primordia induction(night time)* temperature:
relative humidity:
Fruiting conditionsroom temperature:14-17 °C
relative humidity:85%
CO2-concentration:400-800 ppm
light:500-1000 lux
Flushesnumber:3-5
interval:14 à 16 days
between flushes:temperature increase up to 19-24 °C, CO2 up to 1500-2500 ppm, humidity down to 85%
bud induction:immerse or irrigate substrate for 12 hours
Total production cycle
Average yield200 g to 250 g saleable mushrooms per kg fresh substrate†

*Primordia are induced by a shock. For most mushroom species, this is done with a thermal shock, which is defined by the minimum temperature during the day-night cycle.

†Mushroom weight immediately after harvesting, and wetted substrate weight prior to inoculation.

Important remark: the cultivation guidelines in our technical data sheets are a compilation of the data given to us by experienced cultivators. Individual differences in the cultivation conditions can seriously affect the results.

Lions mane (Hericium erinaceus)

A highly prized medicinal mushroom with strong lobster flavours. The active ingredients have been shown to improve brain function, reduce levels of anxiety and even help to protect against dementia.

This spawn is suitable for both novice and professional growers.

For use indoors and outdoors.

Difficulty

Easy

Fruiting Season (Temperature)

Spring-Autumn (12-20)

Suggested Substrates

Logs, Sawdust, Masters mix

Suggested Methods

Logs, Containers, Bags

Suggested Usage

1L per 6KG substrate (indoors). x50 plugs per 0.5m log.

Professional Cultivation Info

Binomial nameHericium erinaceus
Old nomenclatureNone
Inoculation ratemix with ± 1% spawn
Natural substratecomposition:80% hardwood, mixed fine + coarse)
10% cereals
10% bran
Incubationroom temperature:25 °C
substrate temperature:27 °C
duration:Ca. 20 days
Primordia induction(night time)* temperature:18-24 °C
relative humidity90- 95 %
Fruiting conditionsroom temperature:16-21 °C
relative humidity:85–95 %
CO2-concentration:500-1000 ppm
light:Less than 500 lux
Flushesnumber:2
interval:ca. 2 weeks
between flushes:
Total production cycle
Average yieldApprox. 150 g saleable mushrooms per kg fresh substrate†

*Primordia are induced by a shock. For most mushroom species, this is done with a thermal shock, which is defined by the minimum temperature during the day-night cycle.

†Mushroom weight immediately after harvesting, and wetted substrate weight prior to inoculation.

Important remark: these cultivation guidelines in our technical data sheets are a compilation of the data given to us by experienced cultivators. Individual differences in the cultivation conditions can seriously affect the results.

How To Grow Your Mushrooms

Grow Information:

Growing mushrooms may seem like a daunting and unfamiliar addition to your garden or allotment, but rest assured it is far easier and more beneficial than you could have possibly imagined! This is especially true when you have Urban Farm-It and our associated resources to guide you on your journey.

Below we have tutorial videos that explain step-by-step how to approach the main growing methods used for the species above. It’s important to remember that mushroom growing is diverse, meaning that one method can be applicable to multiple species types.

Method summary:

  • Beds & Pathways- Layering of growth material (substrate) such as wood chips or straw with your mushroom grain spawn. It can be done in raised planters, old beds or even just straight on the ground! This method allows you to convert previously un-productive space (such as paths or dark areas) into living and growing food production space.
  • Mulch- Simply mix mushroom grain spawn in with fresh straw or wood chips and let nature take its course. Incorporating mushroom spawn into your mulch effectively doubles your growing space as it takes up no more space to produce an extra type crop. As well as this, nutrients will become available for your plants more quickly and the problem of pests reduced.
  • Containers- Mixing of your chosen growth substrate with mushroom spawn in containers such as buckets or bags. This method allows you to grow mushrooms indoors, where you can achieve year round production of a host of varieties!
  • Logs- Inoculating hardwood logs with mushroom plugs. This is the most natural way to grow mushrooms and is a true permaculture method. It is slower than the other methods. However, you can be producing for up to 8 years with little to no maintenance!

Mushroom Growing Top Tips:

1

Tip 1

Do not let the mycelium dry out or become waterlogged. A happy middle ground with plenty of moisture is ideal.
2

Tip 2

The more spawn you add, the faster it will colonise and ultimately produce!
3

Tip 3

Avoid contamination. Where possible pasteurise the substrate before use, particularly if you are growing in containers.
4

Tip 4

Choose a variety to suit the condition you have i.e. a warm loving species in summer and a cool loving species in winter.
5

Tip 5

If in doubt ask! There are a host of community groups and videos online filled with useful knowledge for specific issues. Don't forget the UFI team is always on hand to help, just reach out!

Videos:

Mushroom Grow Kits

Using a growing kit is the easiest way to start your mushroom growing journey. It contains all of the materials and knowledge that you need to ensure success. Choose a link below to learn a little more about each of the kit options available.